Comparatives

Comparison of adjectives in English

Grammatical constructions used for comparing adjectives

There are three forms of comparison:

·         positive

·         comparative

·         superlative

1. Comparison with -er/-est

clean → cleaner → (the) cleanest

We use -er/-est with the following adjectives:

1.1. Adjectives with one syllable

positive	comparative	superlative
clean	cleaner	cleanest
new	newer	newest
cheap	cheaper	cheapest

1.2. Adjectives with two syllables and the following endings:

1.2.1. Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -y

positive	comparative	superlative
dirty	dirtier	dirtiest
easy	easier	easiest
happy	happier	happiest
pretty	prettier	prettiest

1.2.2. Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -er

positive	comparative	superlative
clever	cleverer	cleverest

1.2.3. Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -le

positive	comparative	superlative
simple	simpler	simplest

1.2.4. Adjectives with two syllables, ending in -ow

positive	comparative	superlative
narrow	narrower	narrowest

2. Comparison with more – most

all adjectives with more than one syllable (except some adjectives with two syllables – see 1.2.1. to 1.2.4.)

positive	comparative	superlative
difficult	more difficult	(the) most difficult

3. Irregular adjectives

positive	comparative	superlative	comment
good	better	best
bad	worse	worst
much	more	most	uncountable nouns
many	more	most	countable nouns
little	less	least
little	smaller	smallest

4. Special adjectives

Some adjectives have two possible forms of comparison (-er/est and more/most).

positive	comparative	superlative
clever	cleverer / more clever	cleverest / most clever
common	commoner / more common	commonest / most common
likely	likelier / more likely	likeliest / most likely
pleasant	pleasanter / more pleasant	pleasantest / most pleasant
polite	politer / more polite	politest / most polite
quiet	quieter / more quiet	quietest / most quiet
simple	simpler / more simple	simplest / most simple
stupid	stupider / more stupid	stupidest / most stupid
subtle	subtler / more subtle	subtlest / most subtle
sure	surer / more sure	surest / most sure